Srimad Bhagavad Gita Shloka 18.29

“Hear now the threefold division of intellect and fortitude according to gunas, as I declare them fully and distinctly, O Dhananjaya.”
Key Teaching: Intellect and fortitude are threefold, varying by gunas.
Theme: Guidance, Dharma, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, Jnana Yoga.
Description:
Krishna asks Arjuna to hear the threefold division of intellect and fortitude according to gunas, promising a full explanation. This verse, continuing 18.28, addresses Arjuna’s quest for understanding (2.9, 13.1, 18.1). The themes of guidance, as Krishna introduces intellect and fortitude, dharma, as he supports Arjuna’s duty, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, as he analyzes qualities, and Jnana Yoga, as he emphasizes wisdom, are central.

In the Mahabharata, Arjuna’s resolve (1.28–46) contrasts with Duryodhana’s ignorance (1.3–11). This teaching aligns with Jnana Yoga (14.5) and Karma Yoga (2.47), preparing to analyze gunas’ impact. Krishna builds on gunas teachings (14.5, 17.3), setting the stage for detailed analysis.

Philosophically, this verse introduces the analysis of intellect, a theme Krishna refines with teachings on gunas (14.5). Arjuna’s understanding is deepened by exploring mental qualities. The themes of Moksha Sannyasa Yoga and Jnana Yoga underscore the Gita’s focus on wise understanding for liberation.

Sanjaya’s narration frames Krishna’s words objectively, emphasizing their introductory clarity. This verse serves as a metaphor for life’s intellect, where gunas shape understanding. Krishna’s teaching prepares readers to perform duties with divine wisdom, aligning with liberation.