Srimad Bhagavad Gita Shloka 18.35

“The fortitude by which a foolish person does not abandon sleep, fear, grief, despondency, and arrogance is tamasic.”
Key Teaching: Tamasic fortitude clings to sleep, fear, and despondency.
Theme: Guidance, Dharma, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, JNana Yoga.
Description:
Krishna describes tamasic fortitude as that by which a foolish person clings to sleep, fear, grief, despondency, and arrogance. This verse, continuing 18.34, addresses Arjuna’s quest for understanding (2.9, 13.1, 18.1). The themes of guidance, as Krishna critiques tamasic fortitude, dharma, as he supports Arjuna’s duty, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, as he analyzes fortitude, and Jnana Yoga, as he emphasizes wisdom, are central.

In the Mahabharata, Arjuna’s resolve (1.28–46) contrasts with Duryodhana’s despondency (1.3–11). This teaching aligns with Jnana Yoga (14.8) and Karma Yoga (2.47), warning against tamasic persistence. Krishna builds on teachings about tamas (14.8, 17.13), highlighting its flaws.

Philosophically, this verse critiques ignorant persistence, a theme Krishna refines with teachings on tamas (14.8). Arjuna’s path is clarified by avoiding tamasic traits. The themes of Moksha Sannyasa Yoga and Jnana Yoga underscore the Gita’s focus on wise liberation.

Sanjaya’s narration frames Krishna’s words objectively, emphasizing their cautionary clarity. This verse serves as a metaphor for life’s inertia, where tamasic fortitude binds. Krishna’s teaching prepares readers to perform duties with divine resolve, aligning with liberation.