Srimad Bhagavad Gita Shloka 18.4

“Hear My conclusion about tyaga, O best of Bharatas; tyaga is declared to be of three kinds.”
Key Teaching: Tyaga is of three kinds, based on the gunas.
Theme: Guidance, Jnana Yoga, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, Karma Yoga.
Description:
Krishna promises to explain His conclusion on tyaga, stating it has three kinds (sattvic, rajasic, tamasic). This verse, continuing 18.3, addresses Arjuna’s quest (2.9). The themes of guidance, as Krishna offers clarity, Jnana Yoga, as he emphasizes discernment, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, as he points to liberation, and Karma Yoga, as he addresses action, are central.

In the Mahabharata, Arjuna’s need for clarity (1.28–46) aligns with this, contrasting Duryodhana’s confusion (1.3–11). The teaching aligns with Jnana Yoga (14.5) and Karma Yoga (2.47), introducing gunabased tyaga. Krishna builds on the debate (18.3).

Philosophically, the verse introduces gunadriven renunciation, a theme refined with teachings on gunas (14.5). Arjuna’s path is clarified by understanding these types. The Gita’s focus on Moksha Sannyasa Yoga underscores liberation through discernment. The verse connects to teachings on gunas (14.5).

Sanjaya’s narration ensures objective clarity. This verse serves as a metaphor for life’s discernment, where tyaga varies by intent. Krishna’s teaching prepares readers to understand renunciation, aligning with moksha. The promise resonates with Arjuna’s need for guidance.