“That knowledge which clings to one object as if it were all, without reason, without truth, and narrow, is declared tamasic.”
Key Teaching: Tamasic knowledge is narrow, clinging to one object without reason.
Theme: Guidance, Dharma, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, Jnana Yoga.
Description:
Krishna describes tamasic knowledge as clinging to a single object as if it were all, without reason or truth, and narrow. This verse, continuing 18.21, addresses Arjuna’s quest for understanding (2.9, 13.1, 18.1). The themes of guidance, as Krishna critiques tamasic knowledge, dharma, as he supports Arjuna’s duty, Moksha Sannyasa Yoga, as he analyzes knowledge, and Jnana Yoga, as he emphasizes wisdom, are central.
In the Mahabharata, Arjuna’s clarity (1.28–46) contrasts with Duryodhana’s ignorance (1.3–11). This teaching aligns with Jnana Yoga (14.8) and Karma Yoga (2.47), warning against narrow vision. Krishna builds on gunas teachings (14.8, 17.10), highlighting tamasic flaws.
Philosophically, this verse critiques ignorant perception, a theme Krishna refines with teachings on tamas (14.8). Arjuna’s understanding is deepened by recognizing tamasic limitations. The themes of Moksha Sannyasa Yoga and Jnana Yoga underscore the Gita’s focus on broad wisdom for liberation.
Sanjaya’s narration frames Krishna’s words objectively, emphasizing their cautionary clarity. This verse serves as a metaphor for life’s ignorance, where tamasic knowledge binds. Krishna’s teaching prepares readers to perform duties with divine clarity, aligning with liberation.
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