Shloka 4.29
“Some offer inhalation into exhalation, exhalation into inhalation, controlling breath to still the mind.”
Key Teaching: Yogis practice breath control as sacrifice to still the mind.
Theme: Guidance, Dharma, Jnana Yoga.
Description:
Krishna describes yogis who offer inhalation into exhalation and vice versa, controlling breath to still the mind as a sacrifice. This verse, continuing 4.25–28, addresses Arjuna’s doubts (3.1–2). The themes of guidance, as Krishna instructs, dharma, as he clarifies spiritual practice, and Jnana Yoga, as he emphasizes breath control, are central.
In the Mahabharata, Arjuna’s mental turmoil (1.28–46) hinders his duty. Krishna’s teaching contrasts with Duryodhana’s lack of discipline (1.3–11), urging Arjuna to control his mind for his Kshatriya duty, aligning with Karma and Jnana Yoga (2.47, 3.7).
Philosophically, this verse addresses the human need for mental control, a theme Krishna refines with teachings on discipline (2.58–61). Arjuna’s reluctance complicates his dharma, necessitating Krishna’s guidance to still the mind. The theme of Jnana Yoga underscores the Gita’s focus on meditative action.
Sanjaya’s narration frames Krishna’s teaching objectively, emphasizing its practical depth. This verse serves as a metaphor for life’s mental challenges, where breath control ensures clarity. Krishna’s teaching prepares readers for performing duty with mental stillness, aligning with spiritual liberation.
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